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  • Clinical Pharmacist vs. Retail Pharmacist: Pros, Cons & Career Growth

    Clinical Pharmacist vs. Retail Pharmacist Comparison

    Thinking about a career in pharmacy, but feeling unsure whether you should opt for the clinical or retail route? Well, trust us on this – you are not alone! While every field has its set of perks and challenges, the right choice, at the end of the day, lies with you. It is up to you to decide and choose the path that excites you the most! After all, knowing that pharmacy is such a broad and diverse field, who would not want to opt for an interesting and challenging field just for the thrill of it?

    Both the clinical and retail pharmacist roles have their importance in the healthcare field, however, they differ in terms of their respective responsibilities, work settings, and patient interactions. So, if you are an aspiring pharmacist who is looking for the ‘right’ career path for themselves, you need to be aware of all the responsibilities and differences between the two roles, so that you may opt for the career role that fits you best. This would also help you put your skills and interests to their rightful usage.

    At Elite Expertise, comprehensive training programs are designed to help aspiring pharmacists succeed in their chosen career path. The expert trainers, are themselves, real-time Australian pharmacists, make sure that all the required knowledge and learning material has been shared with their students. At the end of the day, whether you choose clinical or retail pharmacy, they will be there to help support you every step of the way through their exclusive training and mentoring sessions.

    What Is It Like Being A Clinical Pharmacist?

    A clinical pharmacist works in hospitals, clinics, and specialty healthcare setups. However, instead of simply dispensing medicines, clinical pharmacists are directly involved in patient care, ensuring that the treatments being provided to the patients are effective and safe.

    The Role Of Clinical Pharmacists

    Here is a brief overview of the duties and responsibilities of a clinical pharmacist. You can easily gain more insights about their role from this.

    Working With Medical Teams

    Clinical pharmacists collaborate and work closely with doctors and nurses. Their roles revolve around tailoring medication plans based on each patient’s condition and orders as put forward by their respective consultants.

    Monitor Patient Outcomes

    Clinical pharmacists help keep track of how certain medications affect patients, while also helping maintain or change doses accordingly, whenever needed.

    Managing Drug Interactions

    Clinical pharmacists ensure that any patient’s medication does not interact negatively or have any adverse effects on the patient. This point is very important in making sure that the right medicines are being given to the patients as per their decided treatment plans.

    Provide Counselling

    Clinical pharmacists are also actively involved in educating patients and their families on how to take medications properly and safely. This is for both, admitted as well as patients who are being discharged. Effective communication skills are necessary for ensuring that the patients and their attendants have fully understood the medication plans.

    Conducting Research

    Some clinical pharmacists are also seen to be involved and working in research institutions, developing new pharmaceutical treatments. Although this is a research-based avenue, many countries require their pharmacists to be actively involved in research and clinical trials as part of their jobs.

    Training Other Healthcare Professionals

    A clinical pharmacist also helps educate doctors and nurses on new medications and best practices. This helps ensure a healthy and educational working environment, where nobody is considered above anyone else, and everyone prefers learning from one another, without any hesitation.

    Why You Might Love Clinical Pharmacy?

    Here are a few reasons that might help you opt for a role as a clinical pharmacist:

    • You will get to closely with a proper healthcare team and also make critical patient-care decisions, which will only end up enhancing your learning experiences.

    • You might also get to rotate and specialize in critical care units, including oncology, cardiology, or infectious diseases. All these departments are of immense value when it comes to the point of making sure you are an all-rounder pharmacist.

    • Although different for different places, a clinical pharmacist earns a higher salary than retail pharmacists. This might especially be a good point for pharmacists who want to seek opportunities in countries apart from their home country.

    • There is wide room for growth for clinical pharmacists when it comes to opting for specialized roles. They can easily opt for certain career growth opportunities that are related to academia, hospital-related opportunities, and research.

    • Working as a clinical pharmacist ensures that you have access to all the cutting-edge medical advancements that are actively taking place as well as getting introduced in that particular setup. Along with enhancing your clinical and learning skills, you will also get to know how different protocols are carried out and what changes are being introduced with time.

    • All in all, a clinical pharmacist gets to play a vital role in saving patients’ lives and having an important role in improving patient recovery.

    Challenges To Consider As A Clinical Pharmacist

    Like every other field, there are a few downsides to every career path. Here are a few pointers to consider

    • A clinical pharmacist’s role requires about 1 to 2 years of residency to specialize in the field.

    • The work shifts could get unexpectedly longer and unpredictable, depending on the patient load. This especially applies to clinical pharmacists who work in emergency settings and critical care units.

    • The role of a clinical pharmacist requires considerably more administrative work, such as working on patient documentation and compliance reports. A clinical pharmacist needs to maintain an updated record of all the patient’s medications.

    • Clinical pharmacists work in a high-pressure environment at all times, because it is their need for the job. They are also involved in the decision-making of several critical care patients, after getting on board with the respective consultant.

    man in white dress shirt holding white box

    What Is It Like Being A Retail Pharmacist?

    Consequently, a retail pharmacist is the ‘friendly’ face that is found behind the counter at your local pharmacy, supermarket, or chain drugstore. They have a considerably ‘lenient’ and comfortable work environment as compared to a clinical pharmacist.

    Retail pharmacists ensure that the customers who come to buy their routine and prescription medicines get the right medications, and are also aware of how to intake or use that particular medication as per the prescribed usage. This helps ensure safe and effective use of the medicines.

    The Role Of Retail Pharmacists

    Given below is an overview of the duties and responsibilities of a retail pharmacist. They are involved in the following roles:

    Dispensing Medications

    Retail pharmacists are actively involved in filling prescriptions accurately and ensuring that the patients have received the correct medications.

    Offer Medical Advice

    Retail pharmacists might also answer questions from patients about over-the-counter (OTC) drugs, prescriptions, and general health concerns whenever required. They need to be fully aware of all the medicines, their mechanisms of action, possible drug-drug interactions, and side effects to ensure their patients are also educated about their prescription medicine.

    Give Vaccinations

    In different countries, retail pharmacists are also involved in administering routine vaccinations such as flu shots, COVID-19 vaccines, and other immunizations.

    Supervise Pharmacy Staff

    Retail pharmacists oversee pharmacy technicians and assistants, ensuring smooth operations. This also ensures proper teamwork and collaboration among the pharmacists and assistants.

    Manage Inventory

    It is among one of the most essential duties of a retail pharmacist to ensure that the pharmacy is stocked with all necessary medications that are needed and that any or all expired drugs are removed diligently.

    Handle Insurance Claims

    Retail pharmacists work with insurance providers to ensure patients receive affordable medications.

    Why You Might Love Retail Pharmacy?

    Here are a few bright prospects to consider if you are looking forward to pursuing a career in retail pharmacy.

      Retail pharmacists are allowed to have stable and flexible work hours. Since they are not actively involved with any hospital setup, there is no unpredictability factor involved, and no fear of getting placed in unexpected long shifts anytime.

      Being a part of a job where you are required to meet and greet several people daily means that retail pharmacists can enjoy interacting with different people and also build relationships with their customers, which is a very good social skill.

      Once you have completed your degree in pharmacy, you will not be required to complete any other additional residency programs before you become eligible to practice anywhere.

      Once you have gained a significant amount of experience, you can always expand your scope of practice, and start giving certificates that are allowed on your license, including vaccinations and health consultations.

    • Retail pharmacists can also open and manage their independent pharmacy business, which further allows them to step into the entrepreneurial business, thereby expanding their horizons.

    Challenges To Consider As A Clinical Pharmacist

    As impressive and interesting as the job of a retail pharmacist might sound, there are some downsides to this job as well. However, they may vary from person to person, and include the following:

      There is less involvement in hands-on patient treatment and hospital settings, because of the obvious no-exposure to hospital and critical care settings. A clinical or hospital pharmacist is expected to deal with all this stuff.

      Sometimes, standing for long hours in busy retail environments can be physically demanding and draining. This tiresome routine might not be that appealing for some people who like keeping themselves occupied all day long with some activity.

      Dealing with insurance paperwork and prescription authorizations can be frustrating, mainly because several formalities need to be dealt with while doing all this official work.

    • High demand for quick services can lead to workplace stress and ultimately burnout especially during flu season or health crises.

    Clinical Vs. Retail Pharmacy: A Side-by-Side Comparison

    Here is a side-by-side comparison that will help you view both these fields from a broader perspective.

    Which Pharmacy Career Is Best for You?

    Still undecided? Don’t worry, we have got you covered here as well.

    Here is an interesting activity for you. Go on and ask yourself these questions:

    • Do you thrive in fast-paced hospital environments and love working with medical teams? → Clinical pharmacy might be for you.

    • Do you enjoy building relationships with customers and providing everyday healthcare solutions? → Retail pharmacy is a great fit.

    • Are you interested in research and specialized treatment plans? → Clinical pharmacy offers more opportunities.

    • Do you want a job with structured hours, relaxed work environment, and minimal extra training? → Retail pharmacy makes sense.

    • Do you see yourself owning your own business? → Retail pharmacy provides that opportunity.

    • Would you rather be involved in complex, life-saving treatments? → Clinical pharmacy is a better match.

    How Elite Expertise Helps You Succeed

    No matter which path you choose, the right preparation for the required program can make all the difference.

    At Elite Expertise, you can expect to find some of the best, top-tier pharmacy training programs that help you excel in both clinical and retail settings. You can expect your personal and professional growth once you become a part of this promising preparation academy.

    The pharmacy training programs at Elite Expertise are among the best top-tier programs that prepare professionals for success in retail and clinical environments. The academy delivers specific educational programs which include OPRA (Overseas Pharmacists’ Registration Examination) and PSI (Pharmacy Statutory Examination) together with regional certifications. These training programs are specifically developed to help future pharmacists fulfill licensing standards across different countries so they maintain exam readiness before starting their pharmacy profession.

    Why Train With Elite Expertise?

    Here are a few convincing reasons that will help you opt for Elite Expertise as your preparation academy:

    Real-Time Australian Pharmacists as Trainers

    The instructors at Elite Expertise are skilled specialists who train and work in Australia and offer the latest knowledge and practical training which enhances your performance in the industry. The training staff at Elite Expertise consists of certified Australian professionals who share their current industry understanding alongside practical expertise to boost your professional development. Through their clinical pharmacy background Arief Muhammad and Harika Bheemavarapu support students to excel in clinical pharmacy practice as well as retail operations.

    Live and Recorded Lectures

    Their training and mentoring programs are equipped with both, recorded and live sessions which you can attend either interactively or at your convenience.

    Through our training options at Elite Expertise we adapt to your personal life schedule. All pharmacy courses at Elite Expertise are available through online learning platforms with recorded classes that let you study at your preferred speed. The PTE course is the only hands-on training provided at Elite Expertise which guarantees complete knowledge acquisition for students regardless of their location.

    Mock Exams & Practice Sessions

    Build work-ready confidence by familiarizing yourself with exam-style questions and practice tests before your licensure exams.

    Career Mentorship & Support

    Apart from training and mentoring pharmacists in their upcoming examinations, Elite Expertise also helps prepare for job applications and make appropriate career decisions to ensure that you are ready to grasp the best opportunities available.

    Flexible Learning Options

    Training can be conducted online or in-person depending on the preference and lifestyle of the learner.

    Expert-Led Exam Prep Programs

    Start your career with confidence through completing medical licensing exam training courses including the OPRA (Overseas Pharmacists’ Registration Examination) and the PEBC (Pharmacy Examining Board of Canada) as well as PSI (Pharmacy Statutory Examination) and local certification programs. Expert-led courses created by the program provide full preparation for pharmacy licensing exams which leads to professional success in your career.

    Final Thoughts

    Both clinical and retail pharmacists have critical roles in the healthcare system. The best choice of career depends on your personality, preferred work environment, and desired objectives in the future.

    At Elite Expertise, we are focused on making sure you make the right decision and achieve success in your pursuit. Why wait? If you wish to start a rewarding career in pharmacy, enroll yourself now!

    Arief Mohammad

    Mr. Arief Mohammad is renowned for his excellent teaching skills and practice-based experience, which can contribute to developing practice-based knowledge for a learner. He has been a practicing pharmacist in Australia for the last 5 years and has been a preceptor to several students and intern pharmacists.

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    About the author

    Arief Mohammad

  • Complete Guide to Pharmacist Registration in Australia for Overseas Candidates (2025)

    How to become a pharmacist in Australia

    Australia is a dream destination for overseas-trained pharmacists looking to advance their careers. With a high demand for pharmacists, excellent salaries (AUD 80,000 – AUD 120,000 per year), and a clear pathway to permanent residency, Australia offers fantastic opportunities for pharmacists from around the world.

    If you’re an international pharmacist wondering how to become a registered pharmacist in Australia, this guide will walk you through every step of the registration process, from passing the OPRA exam to securing a pharmacist visa and final registration.

    Table of Contents

    1. Why Work as a Pharmacist in Australia?

    2. Step 1: Skills Assessment & The OPRA Exam

    3. Step 2: Provisional Registration & Visa Requirements

    4. Step 3: Supervised Practice (Internship)

    5. Step 4: Intern Written & Oral Exams

    6. Step 5: Applying for General Registration

    7. Final Thoughts

    8. FAQs

    Why Work as a Pharmacist in Australia?

    To begin with, the answers to this question are many, but here are a few that could satisfy you of why you should choose Australia as a primary choice for a pharmacy career.

    • High Demand for Pharmacists: While big cities or the metro areas have plenty of pharmacists, when it comes to many regional areas in Australia, it is experiencing a shortage (Pharmacy Guild of Australia, Workforce Capability Project).

    • Competitive Salaries: Pharmacists in Australia earn between AUD 80,000 and AUD 120,000 per year, with salaries varying based on experience and location (Australian Bureau of Statistics).

    • Healthy Work-Life Balance: Australia has always been known for a healthy work-life balance in comparison to other countries. Another reason to choose Australia is that pharmacists in Australia often enjoy flexible work hours. Full-time, part-time, and locum positions allow for personal flexibility.

    • Pathway to Permanent Residency: Pharmacy is listed on Australia’s Skilled Occupation List (Department of Home Affairs), which means there are visa options that can lead to permanent residency.

    Step 1: Skills Assessment & The OPRA Exam

    The first and foremost step in this path to becoming a registered pharmacist in Australia is proving your knowledge and competency through a skills assessment and passing the Overseas Pharmacist Readiness Assessment (OPRA) exam.

    Skills Assessment (Conducted by the Australian Pharmacy Council, APC)

    Before applying for OPRA, pharmacists must undergo an eligibility assessment by APC. This includes:

    1. Pharmacy Degree Verification: Your degree must be from a recognized institution.

    2. English Language Proficiency: IELTS (minimum 7.0 in each band), OET, or PTE scores are required (APC official website: www.pharmacycouncil.org.au).

    3. Application Fee: AUD 810 for assessment.

    Once your skills assessment is approved, you can proceed to the OPRA exam.

    What is the OPRA Exam?

    The OPRA exam is conducted by the APC, or Australian Pharmacy Council, and is designed to assess the knowledge of overseas-trained pharmacists to ensure they meet Australian standards. It is conducted by the Australian Pharmacy Council (APC).

    • OPRA Exam Structure: 120 multiple-choice questions

    • OPRA Exam Duration: 2.5 hours

    • OPRA Exam Fee: Approximately AUD 2,190 (APC website)

    • OPRA Exam Dates: Held in March, July, and November each year

    • Topics Covered in the OPRA Exam :

    How to Apply for the OPRA Exam?

    1. Create an Account: Visit the APC website and create an account in the candidate portal.

    2. Submit Your Documents: You’ll need your pharmacy degree, academic transcripts, proof of English proficiency, and identity documents.

    3. Pay the OPRA Exam Fee: Once documents are verified, you’ll receive a confirmation for your OPRA exam date.

    4. Sit for the OPRA Exam: The OPRA exam is computer-based and can be taken at test centers worldwide.

    Passing the OPRA exam is the gateway to beginning your journey as a pharmacist in Australia!

    Step 2: Provisional Registration & Visa Requirements

    Once you pass the OPRA exam, the next step is obtaining provisional registration with the Pharmacy Board of Australia (regulated by Ahpra, the Australian Health Practitioner Regulation Agency). This allows you to complete supervised practice (internship) in Australia.

    How to Apply for Provisional Registration?

    1. Log in to Ahpra’s website and complete the provisional registration application.

    2. Submit Required Documents:

      • OPRA exam results

      • Passport and identification documents

      • Evidence of English proficiency

      • Criminal history check

    3. Pay Registration Fees (varies yearly; as of 2025 February, it is AUD 135 for the application fee and AUD 235 for provisional registration) (Ahpra website: https://www.pharmacyboard.gov.au/Registration/Fees.aspx).

    Step 3: Supervised Practice (Internship) Under a Preceptor

    With provisional registration in hand, you can now start your internship under a registered pharmacist (preceptor). This is a crucial phase where you gain practical experience and familiarize yourself with Australia’s healthcare system.

    Step 4: Intern Written & Oral Exams

    After completing at least 75% of your internship hours, you’re eligible for the intern written and oral exams.

    Intern Written Exam

    • Conducted by: Australian Pharmacy Council

    • Exam Fee: Approximately AUD 770 per attempt

    • Exam Dates: Held three times a year (February, June, October)

    Intern Oral Exam

    • Conducted by: Pharmacy Board of Australia

    • Format: Practical assessment involving case scenarios, patient counselling, and ethical decision-making

    • Fees: Approximately AUD 415 per attempt

    Step 5: Applying for General Registration

    Once you’ve completed your internship and passed your exams, you can apply for general registration through Ahpra.

    How to Apply?

    1. Complete the online application on the AHPRA website.

    2. Submit the internship completion certificate.

    3. Provide exam results & identification documents.

    4. Pay registration fees (AUD 470).

    Once your application is approved, congratulations! You are now a fully registered pharmacist in Australia!

    Why Choose Elite Expertise for OPRA Preparation?

    If you are preparing for the OPRA exam, choosing the right coaching institute is crucial. Elite Expertise is the best platform for OPRA exam preparation, and here’s why:

    • Experienced Educators: Our faculty, Mr. Arief Mohammad and Mrs. Harika Bheemavarapu, consists of accredited clinical pharmacists and subject-matter experts with years of experience training thousands of students for various licensure exams like the KAPS exam, OPRA exam, PEBC exam, and PSI exam for various countries like Australia, New Zealand, Canada, and Ireland, respectively.

    • Comprehensive Study Material: We provide structured content, mock tests, and exam-focused strategies to ensure success.

    • Flexible Learning: With live interactive classes and recorded sessions, you can study at your own pace.

    • High Success Rate: Over 95% of our students have successfully passed the OPRA exam on their first attempt.

    Final Thoughts: Your Journey to Becoming a Pharmacist in Australia

    Becoming a registered pharmacist in Australia as an overseas candidate is a step-by-step process that requires dedication, preparation, and patience. By following the outlined steps—skills assessment, OPRA exam, provisional registration, internship, written & oral exams, and final registration—you can successfully achieve your goal of working as a pharmacist in Australia.

    Key Takeaways:

    Start with the APC skills assessment and meet the English proficiency requirements.
    Pass the OPRA exam to demonstrate your knowledge and eligibility.
    Obtain provisional registration and complete 1,575 hours of supervised practice (internship).
    Pass the intern written & oral exams to qualify for full registration.
    Apply for general registration with Ahpra and begin your career in Australia.

    With high salaries, strong job demand, and a clear PR pathway, Australia is an excellent destination for pharmacists seeking a rewarding career and a better quality of life.

    Need help preparing for the OPRA exam? Don’t navigate this journey alone! Elite Expertise provides expert guidance, study materials, and structured courses to help you succeed.

    Join Elite Expertise today & start your journey to becoming a pharmacist in Australia!🌐 Visit www.eliteexpertise.com.au

    Ready to take the next step? Your Australian pharmacy career starts now!

    This blog is for informational purposes only and reflects our own views and interpretations. While we strive for accuracy, guidelines and requirements may change. Readers are advised to verify information with official sources such as the Australian Pharmacy Council (APC) and Ahpra before making any decisions. We do not take responsibility for any actions taken based on the information provided.

    ⚠️ Disclaimer

    About the Author

    Sahana Rao

    Sahana Chinthapatla is renowned for her expertise in scientific and medical writing, backed by an MPharm in Pharmacology and years of experience in research analysis and scientific writing.

    As the Head Business Writer at Elite Expertise, she provides insightful and well-researched content on KAPS, OPRA, PEBC, PSI and global pharmacy pathways, guiding aspiring pharmacists in their professional journeys.

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    Head Business Writer | Elite Expertise

  • How to Become a Pharmacist in Australia from India (2025) – Step-by-Step Guide

    Become a pharmacist in australia from india

    Becoming a pharmacist in Australia from India involves several steps, including skill assessments, exams, English proficiency tests, and supervised practice. The primary pathway for internationally qualified pharmacists is the Knowledge Assessment Pathway regulated by the Australian Pharmacy Council (APC) and the Pharmacy Board of Australia.

    This guide will walk you through each step required to become a registered pharmacist in Australia.

    Table of Contents

    1. Introduction

    2. Step 1: Skills Assessment by the Australian Pharmacy Council (APC)

    3. Step 2: Overseas Pharmacist Readiness Assessment (OPRA) Exam

    4. Step 3: English Language Proficiency Requirements

    5. Step 4: Visa Application & Migration to Australia

    6. Step 5: Provisional Registration with Ahpra

    7. Step 6: Supervised Practice (Internship)

    8. Step 7: Intern Written & Oral Examinations

    9. Step 8: General Registration as a Pharmacist in Australia

    10. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

    Step 1: Skills Assessment by the Australian Pharmacy Council (APC)

    The first step is to assess the skills required for this pathway. The Australian Pharmacy Council (APC) assesses your educational qualifications and professional experience to determine their equivalence to Australian standards, known as Skills Assessment.

    Application Submission: There are a few documents that are to be submitted to the APC, like:

    Documents Required for APC Skills Assessment
    • Pharmacy Degree (Bachelor of Pharmacy or equivalent)

    • Academic Transcripts (subjects covered, grades)

    • Work Experience (if applicable)

      This ensures that your educational background aligns with the competencies required in Australia.

      Assessment Outcome: Upon successful evaluation, the APC will issue a Skills Assessment Outcome. This document is crucial as it confirms your eligibility to proceed with the registration process and is often required for visa applications.

      For comprehensive details, refer to the APC’s Skills Assessment Information.

      Step 2: Overseas Pharmacist Readiness Assessment (OPRA) Exam

      The OPRA exam tests if your skills are on par with the Australian pharmacy and healthcare standards and as the name indicates, it assesses the candidate’s readiness to practice in Australia.

      Exam Details:

      OPRA Exam Format: The exam consists of 120 multiple-choice questions (MCQs) designed to assess your understanding of essential pharmaceutical concepts.

      OPRA Exam Duration: You will have 150 minutes to complete the OPRA exam.

      OPRA Exam Content Areas: The questions cover a range of topics, including biomedical sciences, pharmaceutical sciences, and clinical pharmacy practice.

      Step 3: English Language Proficiency Requirements

      Australia is an English-speaking country, and communicating with the patients is the key to a pharmacist’s role. So effective communication is mandatory in the Australian healthcare system. This can be done by proving your efficiency by clearing the English language proficiency test with the required score: Some of the tests accepted are:

      • IELTS Academic: A minimum score of 7.0 in each band (listening, reading, writing, and speaking).

      • OET (Occupational English Test): A grade of B in each component.

      • TOEFL iBT: A total score of at least 94.

      • PTE Academic: A minimum score of 66 in each of the four communicative skills.

    Tips to prepare for the OPRA exam:
    • Enroll in Preparation Courses: Many institutions offer courses tailored to these exams, providing strategies and practice materials.

    • Regular Practice: Engage in daily reading, writing, listening, and speaking exercises to enhance your proficiency.

    • Mock Tests: Taking full-length mock tests can help you gauge your readiness and identify areas for improvement.

    Ensure your test results are current and meet the standards set by the Pharmacy Board of Australia.

    Step 4: Visa Application & Migration to Australia

    With a successful skills assessment and proof of English proficiency, the next step is to navigate the migration process.

    Key Considerations:
    • Visa Options: Explore visa categories that align with your qualifications and career objectives. The Department of Home Affairs provides detailed information on various visa pathways, including skilled migration visas.

    • Documentation: Prepare all necessary documents meticulously. This typically includes your skills assessment outcome, English language test results, and other personal identification documents.

    • Professional Advice: Consider consulting with a registered migration agent to receive personalized guidance tailored to your situation.

    Visa Options for Pharmacists
    1. Skilled Independent Visa (Subclass 189) – No employer sponsorship required

    2. Skilled Nominated Visa (Subclass 190) – Requires nomination by an Australian state

    3. Skilled Work Regional Visa (Subclass 491) – For regional employment opportunities

      Check visa updates: Department of Home Affairs

    Step 5: Provisional Registration with Ahpra

    Upon arrival in Australia, securing provisional registration with the Pharmacy Board of Australia through the Australian Health Practitioner Regulation Agency (Ahpra) is essential. This registration permits you to undertake supervised practice within the country.

    Application Process:
    • Online Submission: Complete your application via the Ahpra portal. Ensure all information is accurate and up-to-date.

    • Required Documentation: You’ll need to provide evidence of your pharmacy qualifications, skills assessment outcome, English proficiency test results, and any other documents specified by AHPRA.

    • Processing Time: Be mindful of application deadlines and processing times to ensure a smooth transition into your supervised practice phase.

    Step 6: Supervised Practice (Internship)

    Provisional registration necessitates the completion of a supervised practice period, commonly referred to as an internship. This phase is designed to integrate your academic knowledge with practical experience in the Australian healthcare context.

    Details:
    • Duration: A minimum of 1,575 hours of supervised practice is required. This equates to approximately 40 weeks of full-time work, though part-time arrangements may extend this period.

    • Supervision: Your practice must be under the direct supervision of a pharmacist who holds general registration. The supervisor plays a pivotal role in mentoring, providing feedback, and ensuring you gain comprehensive exposure to various aspects of pharmacy practice.

    • Practice Settings: Internships can be undertaken in diverse environments, including community pharmacies, hospital pharmacies, or other approved healthcare settings. Exposure to different settings can enrich your experience and broaden your professional competencies.

    Documentation and Reporting:
    • Practice Plan: Develop a supervised practice plan in collaboration with your supervisor, outlining learning objectives and expected competencies.

    • Progress Reports: Regular assessments and progress reports are essential to track your development and address any areas needing improvement.

    • Logbook Maintenance: Keeping a detailed logbook of your activities, experiences, and reflections can be beneficial for both personal growth and as evidence of your training.

    Guidelines and requirements are outlined in Ahpra’s Supervised Practice Framework.

    Step 7: Intern Written & Oral Examinations

    After completing at least 75% of your supervised practice hours (approximately 1,181 hours), you become eligible to undertake the registration assessments. These examinations are designed to evaluate your readiness for independent practice.

    Assessments:
    • Intern Written Examination: This test assesses your applied pharmaceutical knowledge, ensuring you can effectively integrate theoretical concepts into practical scenarios.

    • Oral Examination (OSCE—Objective Structured Clinical Examination): This examination evaluates your clinical and communication skills through simulated patient interactions and problem-solving tasks.

    Preparation Tips:
    • Review Guidelines: Familiarize yourself with the examination formats and content outlines provided by the APC and Ahpra.

    • Practical Experience: Engage actively during your supervised practice to gain hands-on experience, which is invaluable during these assessments.

    • Study Groups: Collaborating with peers can provide diverse insights and enhance your understanding of complex topics.

    Step 8: General Registration as a Pharmacist in Australia

    Upon successful completion of your supervised practice and passing the required examinations, you can apply for general registration as a pharmacist in Australia.

    Application Process:

    Final Thoughts & Next Steps

    Becoming a pharmacist in Australia from India requires dedication, but the structured Knowledge Assessment Pathway (KAP) ensures that international pharmacists meet Australian standards. Follow each step carefully to secure a rewarding pharmacy career in Australia.

    Start your journey today by applying for an APC Skills Assessment.

    For professional guidance, visit: Australian Pharmacy Council

    This blog is for informational purposes only and reflects our own views and interpretations. While we strive for accuracy, guidelines and requirements may change. Readers are advised to verify information with official sources such as the Australian Pharmacy Council (APC) and Ahpra before making any decisions. We do not take responsibility for any actions taken based on the information provided.

    ⚠️ Disclaimer

    About the Author

    Sahana Rao

    Sahana Chinthapatla is renowned for her expertise in scientific and medical writing, backed by an MPharm in Pharmacology and years of experience in research analysis and scientific writing.

    As the Head Business Writer at Elite Expertise, she provides insightful and well-researched content on KAPS, OPRA, PEBC, PSI and global pharmacy pathways, guiding aspiring pharmacists in their professional journeys.

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    Head Business Writer | Elite Expertise

  • OPRA Exam Common Questions – Everything You Need to Know

    https://www.eliteexpertise.com.au/opra-exam-preparation-course

    Wishing to work as a registered pharmacist in Australia and New Zealand but unable to understand the process

    This blog will provide you with all the information you need to know for becoming a fully registered pharmacist

    Question: What is the OPRA exam?

    Answer: The OPRA exam is an assessment exam for international pharmacist who wish to work in Australia and New Zealand, which is conducted by Australian pharmacy council to offer the accreditation for working as a registered pharmacist in Australia and New Zealand

    Even though a pharmacy student studying for a master’s in Australia or New Zealand needs to write the OPRA EXAM.

    The OPRA exam is a replacement for the KAPS exam and consists of 1 paper that you can take in your home country. After successfully completing the OPRA EXAM, you need 1 year of supervised internship practice in Australia to apply for the registration.

    Question: Is the OPRA exam easy?

    Answer: As the OPRA exam replaces the KAPS exam in MARCH 2025, the difficulty is just like the KAPS exam, but the methodology has changed and the content areas have changed.

    As per the information shared by Australian pharmacy council In the OPRA exam, we can see more questions relating to therapeutics and the application of knowledge to meet with evolving pharmacy practice within Australia.

    If u practice well, have strong knowledge and take some expert guidance, referring to related opra exam resources, then its easy to pass the opra exam on the 1st attempt

    Refer to free OPRA exam preparation resources: https://www.eliteexpertise.com.au/opra-exam-free-resources

    Question: What does OPRA EXAM stand for, or what is the full form of OPRA EXAM?

    Answer: An OPRA exam stands for Overseas Pharmacist Readiness Assessment, which is conducted by AUSTRALIAN PHARMACY COUNCIL.

    Qualifying the opra exam is the 1st step for working in australia and New Zealand as a registered pharmacist

    Question : Use of OPRA EXAM

    Answer: By qualifying for the OPRA exam, the international pharmacy graduates get the license to practice in Australia and New Zealand.

    Question: What is the eligibility criteria for the OPRA exam?

    Answer: The eligibility criteria for the OPRA exam are that the candidate should have a 4-year B. Pharmacy or 6-year pharmacy degree, must be registered with the home country, and should also have the valid documents for registering with the Australian Pharmacy Council skill assessment.

    Question: What are the dates for the OPRA exam?

    Answer: The opra exam is conducted 3 times in a year.

    Refer To: https://www.pharmacycouncil.org.au/pharmacist/skills-assessment/new-zealand-opra-exam/

    Question: What is the exam cost of the OPRA exam?

    Answer: The exam cost of the OPRA exam is $2190.

    Question: What is the syllabus of the OPRA exam?

    Answer: The OPRA exam syllabus is as follows:

    Refer to: https://www.eliteexpertise.com.au/opra-exam-syllabus-details

    Question : How to prepare for opra exam

    The OPRA exam needs expert guidance. find the below-mentioned video where everything is explained

    Conclusion

    Passing the OPRA exam is the 1st step to becoming a fully registered pharmacist If you have any queries and need guidance for cracking the OPRA exam in the 1st exam, kindly contact elite expertise and use the expert advice in this journey.

    All the best from TEAM ELITE EXPERTISE

    https://www.eliteexpertise.com.au/contact-us

    Mr. Arief Mohammad is renowned for his excellent teaching skills and practice-based experience, which can contribute to developing practice-based knowledge for a learner. He has been a practicing pharmacist in Australia for the last 5 years and has been a preceptor to several students and intern pharmacists.

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    About the Author

    Arief Mohammad

  • Simple Daily Habits for a Healthier Life: A Pharmacist’s Guide to Wellness

    Simple daily habits for a healthier life

    Maintaining a healthy lifestyle might seem difficult in the hectic environment of today. Still, little daily actions can greatly enhance your general quality of living. Pharmacists are quite important in helping people towards better health since they are medical experts. Pharmacists stress the need for basic but powerful habits that support long-term wellness, from controlling drugs to providing nutritional guidance.

    Supported by pharmaceutical knowledge and healthcare insights, this blog investigates basic daily routines that can result in a better life.

    1. Give hydration top priority:

    Drinking lots of water is among the easiest ways you can improve your health. Maintaining body functions, boosting digestion, and improving skin health all depend on keeping hydrated. Pharmacists advise drinking at least 8 glasses of water every day to help vital body processes and avoid dehydration.

    Start your day with a glass of water; carry a reusable water bottle to monitor your intake; infuse water with lemon or cucumbers for extra benefits.

    2. Eat a balanced diet.

    Maintaining good health depends mostly on a healthy diet. A diet high in vitamins, minerals, and vital nutrients helps ward against obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases as well as other chronic diseases. While they often counsel people on dietary supplements when needed, pharmacists stress first obtaining nutrients from whole foods.

    Lean proteins to include are chicken, fish, tofu, and legumes.

    Fruits and vegetables: To guarantee a range of nutrients, try for a vibrant plate.

    Healthy fats: avocados, nuts, seeds, olive oil;

    whole grains: brown rice, quinoa, whole wheat goods

    3. Regular Exercise

    Physical activity is essential for maintaining a healthy body and mind. Regular exercise boosts heart health, improves mental well-being, and enhances immunity. Healthcare professionals recommend at least 30 minutes of moderate exercise daily to prevent lifestyle-related diseases.

    Best Activities:
    • Brisk walking or jogging

    • Strength training

    • Yoga or Pilates

    • Cycling or swimming

    4. Get Sufficient Sleep

    A good night’s sleep is crucial for overall health. Lack of sleep can lead to stress, weakened immunity, and increased risk of chronic illnesses. Pharmacists often counsel patients on the impact of sleep on health and suggest sleep aids if necessary.

    Sleep Hygiene Tips:
    • Maintain a consistent sleep schedule.

    • Avoid caffeine and screen exposure before bedtime.

    • Create a relaxing bedtime routine.

    5. Manage Stress Effectively

    Chronic stress can negatively impact mental and physical health. It contributes to hypertension, weakened immunity, and mental health issues. As healthcare experts, pharmacists recommend stress management techniques to prevent stress-related health concerns.

    Ways to Reduce Stress:
    • Practice mindfulness and meditation.

    • Engage in hobbies or relaxation techniques.

    • Seek professional help if needed.

    6. Stay Updated on Vaccinations

    Preventive healthcare is essential for long-term wellness. Pharmacists encourage individuals to stay updated on vaccinations to prevent infectious diseases. Vaccinations help protect individuals from conditions like influenza, hepatitis, and pneumonia.

    Must-Have Vaccines:
    7. Take Medications as Prescribed

    For individuals on prescription medications, adherence is critical for effective treatment. Pharmacists play a vital role in educating patients about their medications, dosages, and potential interactions.

    Medication Tips:
    • Use a pill organizer to track medication schedules.

    • Set reminders for daily doses.

    • Consult a pharmacist if you experience side effects.

    8. Limit Processed Foods and Sugar Intake

    Excess consumption of processed foods and sugars leads to numerous health issues, including diabetes, obesity, and heart disease. Healthcare professionals recommend a whole-food diet to maintain optimal health.

    Healthier Alternatives:
    • Replace sugary drinks with herbal tea or infused water.

    • Opt for homemade meals over packaged foods.

    • Choose natural sweeteners like honey or stevia.

    9. Maintain Good Oral Hygiene

    Oral health is often overlooked but is integral to overall health and wellness. Poor oral hygiene is linked to heart disease, diabetes, and other systemic conditions.

    Oral Care Routine:
    • Brush your teeth twice daily with fluoride toothpaste.

    • Floss daily to remove plaque buildup.

    • Visit a dentist regularly for check-ups.

    10. Avoid Smoking and Limit Alcohol Intake

    Smoking and excessive alcohol consumption contribute to serious health risks, including cancer, liver disease, and respiratory issues. Pharmacists provide smoking cessation programs and advice on reducing alcohol intake for a healthier lifestyle.

    Steps to Quit:
    • Seek professional help for nicotine replacement therapy (NRT).

    • Engage in support groups or counseling.

    • Replace smoking habits with healthier alternatives like gum or exercise.

    11. Regular Health Check-ups

    Preventive health check-ups can help detect potential health risks early. Pharmacists and healthcare professionals advise regular screenings to monitor overall health.

    Essential Health Screenings:
    • Blood pressure and cholesterol levels

    • Blood sugar levels (for diabetes prevention)

    • Bone density tests (for osteoporosis risk)

    12. Strengthen Social Connections

    Mental well-being is just as important as physical health. Maintaining strong social connections helps reduce stress, anxiety, and depression.

    Ways to Stay Connected:
    • Engage in social activities or volunteer work.

    • Spend quality time with friends and family.

    • Join community support groups.

    Conclusion

    Achieving a healthier life doesn’t require drastic changes. Implementing simple daily habits can have a profound impact on your physical and mental well-being. Whether it’s staying hydrated, exercising, or managing stress, these habits contribute to a healthier and happier life.

    Pharmacists and healthcare professionals play a crucial role in guiding individuals toward healthy choices. If you need personalized advice on medications, vaccinations, or lifestyle changes, consult a trusted pharmacist today!

    By adopting these daily habits, you can take charge of your health and wellness—one step at a time.

  • How to Become a Pharmacist in Ireland After B.Pharm, M.Pharm, or Pharm.D (Latest PSI Update)

    Every country has its own licensure exam to be cleared to practice as a pharmacist in that country and for a country like Ireland it is called the PSI equivalence exam. Are you an overseas pharmacist with qualifications from outside the European Union (EU) looking to practice in Ireland? The regulatory body in Ireland that provides a set procedure for overseas trained pharmacists to register and operate in Ireland is the Pharmaceutical Society of Ireland (PSI). The most recent Third Country Qualification Recognition (TCQR) process is described on this blog together with the actions required to obtain licencing as a pharmacist in Ireland.

    Step 1: Qualification Recognition

    To begin practicing as a pharmacist in Ireland, your degree must be assessed and recognized by the PSI. This involves:

    • Evaluating whether your Bachelor of Pharmacy (B.Pharm), Master of Pharmacy (M.Pharm), or Doctor of Pharmacy (Pharm.D) meets Irish standards.

    • The PSI clearly mentions that for you to be eligible in Ireland, your education, training, and credentials should match with that of the Irish M.Pharm degree, which is a five-year program. That means the equivalency of your degree to that of the Irish M. Pharm is checked.

    • Degrees from certain countries may require examinations.

    • You must be licensed to practice in the country where you earned your degree. A letter or certificate from the relevant authority is required to confirm this.

    Pre-application form:
    1. There is a pre-application form to be filled out if you are interested in the application to be sent to you, which asks you about various details like:

    • What is your name?

    • What is your email address?

    • What is your nationality?

    • In which country did you obtain your pharmacy qualification that you wish to have assessed?

    • What is the name of the university where you received this pharmacy qualification?

    • Are you eligible to practice as a pharmacist in your home country?

    • In which other countries are you currently, or have been previously, registered to practice as a pharmacist?

    • List any relevant countries in the box below

    What Happens After You Submit Your Application?

    Once you submit your pre-application, an application form will be sent to your email. There are multiple stages as part of the Third Country Qualification Recognition (TCQR) process. The number of stages required depends on the outcome of a detailed assessment in Stage 2.

    Stage 1: Initial Review for Eligibility and Validity

    After receiving your application, the Pharmaceutical Society of Ireland (PSI) will:

    • Conduct a preliminary review to check if you meet the eligibility criteria.

    • Ensure that all necessary documents have been submitted.

    Application Statuses in Stage 1
    • Complete & Valid: If your application meets the eligibility criteria and includes all required documents, including third-party verifications, it will be marked as “File Complete” and moved to Stage 2 (Assessment Phase).

    • Incomplete: If your application meets the eligibility requirements but lacks certain documents, PSI will notify you. It is your responsibility to provide the missing documents to continue the assessment process.

    • Invalid: If your application does not meet the eligibility requirements, PSI will inform you that it is invalid.

    Applicants are given six months to submit all outstanding documents by the PSI. If they fail to do so, the application will be considered incomplete, and the file will be closed by the PSI. However, you can reapply later if necessary.

    Stage 2: Holistic Assessment

    At this stage, independent external assessors of the PSI will review your qualifications, training, and experience to determine if they meet the Irish standards for pharmacy practice. This evaluation includes:

    1. Educational Background & Training—Reviewing your pharmacy degree and practical training.

    2. Regulatory Standards in Your Home Country—Checking whether your qualification was accredited and meets Irish standards.

    3. Work Experience & Professional Development—Assessing relevant postgraduate education, work experience, and continued professional development (CPD).

    Assessment Outcomes in Stage 2 of PSI:
    • Path A (Exempt from PSI Equivalence Exam): If your education and training are deemed equivalent to Irish standards, you can proceed directly to certification without additional exams.

    • Path B (PSI Equivalence Exam Required): If gaps are found in your education or training, you must take an exam to demonstrate equivalence.

    To support this assessment, the Regulatory Data Form (TCQR4) must be completed by the relevant pharmacy authority in the country where you qualified. The completed form must be sent directly to PSI from an official email address: noneuroute@psi.ie

    By following these steps, qualified pharmacists from outside the EU can complete the process of gaining recognition in Ireland.

    Stage 3B: Examination Stage

    If your qualifications are not considered equivalent to Irish pharmacy standards after the assessment in Stage 2, you will need to take an aptitude test. This test ensures that your knowledge and skills meet the requirements for pharmacy practice in Ireland.

    The aptitude test includes:

    1. Multiple-Choice Questions (MCQ) – Tests your understanding of:

      • Pharmacology and pharmacy practice

      • Basic science and medicine properties

      • Pharmaceutical calculations

    2. Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) – A practical test where you demonstrate the skills and knowledge needed to work as a pharmacist in Ireland.

    Depending on the gaps found in Stage 2, you may need to complete only the MCQ, only the OSCE, or both. Some exemptions may apply based on your qualifications.

    The test follows the standards of the M.Pharm degree in Ireland, which is equivalent to Level 9 on the National Qualifications Framework.

    Stage 3A & 4B: Certificate of Qualification for Practice

    Once you successfully complete all required steps in the TCQR process, the PSI will issue you a certificate confirming that your qualification meets the standards for pharmacy practice in Ireland.

    With this certificate, you can apply for registration as a pharmacist in Ireland and begin your professional career.

    Step 3: Registration with PSI

    Once you have successfully completed qualification recognition and any required exams and the English language proficiency test, you can proceed to register as a pharmacist in Ireland. This involves:

    • Submitting the necessary registration documents to PSI.

    • Paying the registration fee.

    • Receiving official recognition as a licensed pharmacist in Ireland.

    Final Thoughts: Your Pathway to a Pharmacy Career in Ireland

    Becoming a pharmacist in Ireland as a non-EU graduate involves two key steps: qualification recognition and registration.

    Understanding and following the PSI’s structured pathway is essential to securing your place in Ireland’s healthcare sector. If you need guidance on preparing for the Aptitude Test or PSI equivalence exam (MCQ & OSCE) or help with the application process, Elite Expertise offers expert training and support to help you succeed.

    For the most up-to-date information, visit the Pharmaceutical Society of Ireland (PSI) website and take the next step towards your pharmacy career in Ireland!

  • Pharmacist Career in Australia: A Guide for Retail Work Opportunities, and Permanent Migration

    Pharmacist career in australia

    Australia is one of the dream countries for pharmacists abroad considering the opportunities, work life balance, the salary structure, and the respect for profession. Australia is one the best places that provides a wide range of opportunities and rewarding environment for pharmacists, especially in the community pharmacist also known as the retail sector. Australia offers a clear and structured pathway to overseas pharmacists planning to migrate permanently. In this blog let’s discuss the retail work opportunities and permanent residency options for pharmacists abroad seeking Australia.

    Retail Pharmacy Opportunities in Australia

    The demand for retail pharmacists or community pharmacists in Australia is high, with numerous positions available across the country. There are over 2,600 pharmacist jobs available in Australia considering the latest information.

    seek.com.au

    Community or Retail pharmacists in Australia roles and responsibilities:

    Dispensing medications, advising patients on the proper use of medicines, and promoting health and wellness. The role has evolved to include services such as vaccination clinics, health screenings, and comprehensive medication reviews, expanding the scope of practice and opening substantial career opportunities for overseas-trained pharmacists.(psa.org.au)

    Pathways to Permanent Migration for Pharmacists

    Australia recognizes pharmacists as a skilled occupation, making them eligible for various visa options leading to permanent residency. Key pathways include:

    1. Skilled Independent Visa (Subclass 189): Pharmacists using the Skilled Independent Visa (Subclass 189) can live and work anywhere in Australia without regard for state or employer sponsorship. Eligibility is based on a points system, considering factors such as age, education, work experience, and English language proficiency, etc (Department of home affairs)

    2. Skilled Nominated Visa (Subclass 190): Pharmacists can be nominated by an Australian state or territory government under the Skilled Nominated Visa (Subclass 190), which could call for a commitment to work in that area for a designated period. This nomination raises points on the applicant’s profile, improving their chances of getting an invitation to apply. (Subclass 190 Skilled Nominated visa)

    3. Skilled Work Regional (Provisional) Visa (Subclass 491): Pharmacists ready to live and work in approved regional areas will be eligible. It provides a route to permanent residency following specific requirements, such as living and working in the regional area for a designated period. (Skilled Work Regional (Provisional) visa (subclass 491)

    four people inside mart

    Steps to Migrate as a Pharmacist

    The migration process involves several critical steps:

    1. Skills Assessment: The Australian Pharmacy Council (APC) conducts the initial skills assessment. Applicants must provide documents including:

    • pharmacy degree,

    • academic transcripts,

    • professional registration,

    • proof of identity, and

    • evidence of relevant work experience (if any).

    Knowledge Stream skills assessment outcome | Australian Pharmacy Council

    2. OPRA exam: Candidates from countries like India, Sri Lanka, Indonesia, Bangladesh, Pakistan, and so on need to go through the OPRA exam pathway.

    3. English Language Proficiency: Proving the English language skills is a mandate to migrate to Australia and to register as a pharmacist in Australia. AHPRA accepts tests such as PTE Academic, IELTS, TOEFL IBT, and OET. A high score in the English language proficiency test is an add-on considering the visa point system.

    4. Registration with the Pharmacy Board of Australia: After a successful skills assessment, pharmacists must register with the Pharmacy Board of Australia to practice legally. After the completion of the OPRA exam and migrating to Australia, it is mandatory for the candidate to complete an internship program. After completion of at least 75% of the intern hours, the candidate then appears for the intern written exam (conducted by APC) and the intern oral exam (conducted by Aphra). (pharmacyboard.gov.au)

    Salary Expectations

    The salary structure in Australia for the retail or community pharmacist is quite pleasing, with an approximate range of AUD 80000 to AUD 120000 annually, considering the experience.

    Final thoughts:

    For pharmacists looking for retail employment or permanent migration, Australia offers a promising scene. Pharmacists can start a fulfilling career and significantly help the Australian healthcare system by knowing the several visa options and meeting the requirements. The process is strenuous yet fruitful.

    Also read the following blogs to know in-depth about:

    OPRA exam: https://www.eliteexpertise.com.au/opra-exam-preparation-course

    CAOP exam: https://www.eliteexpertise.com.au/choosing-the-right-path-to-become-a-pharmacist-in-australia-opra-vs-caop

    OPRA English language requirements: https://www.eliteexpertise.com.au/english-language-proficiency-tests-for-australia-after-the-opra-exam

    Pharmacist Salaries: https://www.eliteexpertise.com.au/pharmacist-salary-in-australia

    Visa options for Australia: https://www.eliteexpertise.com.au/visa-options-for-pharmacists

    Arief Mohammad

    About the Author

    Arief Mohammad

    Mr. Arief Mohammad is renowned for his excellent teaching skills and practice-based experience which can contribute to developing practice-based knowledge for a learner. He has been a practicing pharmacist in Australia for the last 5 years and has been a preceptor to several students and intern pharmacists.

    Follow On

  • Global Career Opportunities for Pharm.D Graduates

    Pharm.D (Doctor of Pharmacy) graduates from India or abroad the options for your career Overseas is immense. They have wide range of career opportunities globally. Qualified pharmacists fall under skilled workers in majority of the countries offering a very promising career spectrum like clinical pharmacy, research, regulatory affairs, and the pharmaceutical industry. In this article let’s talk about the top destinations for Pharm.D graduates and the career opportunities available. To name a few:

    Canada

    Canada offers excellent job opportunities for Pharm.D graduates, particularly in hospital and community pharmacy. To practice in Canada, international graduates must pass the Pharmacy Examining Board of Canada (PEBC) exams, which include the Evaluating Exam (EE) and the Qualifying Exam (QE) which includes the MCQ and the Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE). Additionally, candidates must complete a period of practical training.

    pharmacistsgatewaycanada.ca

    Job Opportunities:
    • Community Pharmacist

    • Hospital Pharmacist

    • Pharmaceutical Consultant

    • Drug Safety Associate

    Australia

    Australia is a popular destination for international pharmacists due to its structured pharmacy profession and increasing demand in rural areas. To work in Australia, Pharm.D graduates must pass the OPRA exam (Overseas Pharmacist Readiness Assessment), previously called the Knowledge Assessment of Pharmaceutical Sciences (KAPS) exam conducted by the APC. Following the OPRA exam one needs to pass the Australian Intern Written Exam (conducted by APC or Australian Pharmacy Council) and the Australin Intern Oral Exam (Conducted by the Ahpra) once the candidate completes 75% of the internship hours. After the registration the candidate can be eligible to practice as a pharmacist in Australia.

    pharmacyboard.gov.au

    Job Opportunities:
    • Hospital and Community Pharmacist

    • Pharmaceutical Researcher

    • Regulatory Affairs Specialist

    • Medication Safety Officer

    United Kingdom

    Pharm.D graduates looking to work in the UK must register with the General Pharmaceutical Council (GPhC) and complete the Overseas Pharmacists Assessment Programme (OSPAP), followed by a pre-registration training year and the registration exam.

    pharmacistsupport.org

    Job Opportunities:
    • Clinical Pharmacist

    • Hospital Pharmacist

    • Regulatory Affairs Specialist

    • Quality Control/Assurance Manager

    Ireland

    Ireland is another excellent option, with a growing need for pharmacists. To practice, international graduates must have their qualifications recognized through the Third Country Qualification Recognition (TCQR) process and become a registered pharmacist in Ireland.

    psi.ie

    Job Opportunities:
    • Community and Hospital Pharmacist

    • Pharmaceutical Industry Roles

    • Regulatory Affairs Associate

    • Drug Development Researcher

    Kaps counselling

    New Zealand

    New Zealand offers opportunities for Pharm.D graduates, particularly in community and hospital pharmacy.

    1. Competency Assessment of Overseas Pharmacists (CAOP) Pathway:

    • Eligibility: Pharmacists who obtained their qualifications and are registered in Canada, Ireland, the United Kingdom (UK), or the United States of America (USA).

    • Requirements:

      • Pass the CAOP exam.

      • Complete the New Zealand Pharmacy Legislation (NZPL) course.

      • Internship: An internship is not required for pharmacists in this pathway.

    2. Overseas Pharmacist Readiness Assessment (OPRA) Pathway:

    • Eligibility: Pharmacists from countries other than Canada, Ireland, the UK, the USA, and Australia.

    • Requirements:

      • Pass the OPRA exam.

      • Complete the NZPL course.

      • Internship: After passing the OPRA exam and NZPL course, candidates must:

        • Register in the Intern Pharmacist Scope of Practice.

        • Enroll in the EVOLVE Internship Programme, which involves a period of supervised practice.

    For detailed information, please refer to the Pharmacy Council of New Zealand’s official website:

    • CAOP Pathway:

    pharmacycouncil.org.au

    • OPRA Pathway:

    pharmacycouncil.org.au

    Additionally, the Pharmacy Council of New Zealand provides comprehensive guidance for overseas pharmacists seeking registration:

    pharmacycouncil.org.nz

    pharmacycouncil.org.au

    Job Opportunities:
    • Community Pharmacist

    • Hospital Pharmacist

    • Clinical Research Associate

    • Pharmaceutical Sales Representative

    Emerging Opportunities for Pharm.D Graduates

    Beyond traditional pharmacy roles, Pharm.D graduates can explore careers in:

    • Pharmacovigilance and Drug Safety

    • Medical Writing and Medical Affairs

    • Health Informatics and Digital Health

    • Regulatory Affairs and Compliance

    • Academia and Research

    United States

    The U.S. is a prime destination for Pharm.D graduates due to its advanced healthcare system and high demand for clinical pharmacists. To work as a pharmacist in the U.S., international graduates must obtain the Foreign Pharmacy Graduate Examination Committee (FPGEC) Certification, which includes passing the Foreign Pharmacy Graduate Equivalency Examination (FPGEE), Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL), and the North American Pharmacist Licensure Examination (NAPLEX).

    nabp.pharmacy

    Job Opportunities:
    • Clinical Pharmacist

    • Hospital Pharmacist

    • Research Scientist

    • Regulatory Affairs Specialist

    • Pharmacovigilance Specialist

    Final Thoughts

    Pharm.D graduates have immense opportunities globally, provided they meet the licensure and regulatory requirements of the respective countries. Whether pursuing clinical practice, research, or industry roles, the demand for skilled pharmacists continues to grow, making it an exciting career choice.

    For those planning to work abroad, it’s essential to stay updated on licensing exams, visa regulations, and job market trends in their target country. With the right preparation, Pharm.D graduates can build successful international careers in pharmacy.

    Also read the following blogs for knowledge in:

    OPRA exam: https://www.eliteexpertise.com.au/opra-exam-preparation-course

    OSPAP exam: https://www.eliteexpertise.com.au/ospap-exam

    PEBC exam: https://www.eliteexpertise.com.au/pebc-evaluating-exam-major-updates-coming-in-june-2025

    PSI exam: https://www.eliteexpertise.com.au/psi-equivalence-exam-ireland

    Arief Mohammad

    Mr. Arief Mohammad is renowned for his excellent teaching skills and practice-based experience which can contribute to developing practice-based knowledge for a learner. He has been a practicing pharmacist in Australia for the last 5 years and has been a preceptor to several students and intern pharmacists.

    Follow On

    About the Author

    Arief Mohammad

  • How to Work Abroad As Pharmacist: A Comprehensive Guide

    How to work as a pharmacist in abroad

    The pharmaceutical industry is evolving rapidly, and the demand for skilled pharmacists is on the rise. Each country offers unique opportunities for professional growth, but aspiring international pharmacists must meet specific requirements to practice abroad.

    If you are a pharmacist aiming to advance your career in Australia, Canada, Ireland, New Zealand, or the USA, it is essential to understand the key exams and certifications required to take that leap.

    This article will enlighten how Elite Expertise simplifies the process, guiding you toward global career opportunities and helping you succeed on the international stage.

    Why Work Abroad as a Pharmacist?

    Apart from the obvious exposure, knowledge, and benefits of getting to learn from newer and modern resources, several other advantages could make working abroad as a pharmacist a bright career prospect for you. Here are a few benefits to consider:

    Professional Growth

    By working in modern, state-of-the-art setups that offer cutting-edge health environments, both fresh and seasoned pharmacists can expect to gain exposure like never before. Advanced technologies, diverse treatment protocols, and alternate medications are just some of the expected outcomes that one can expect to gain expertise in while working at such advanced setups.

    Cultural Enrichment

    Working abroad as a pharmacist is not just for monetary gains or individual learning, rather it is a complete package that could also help you immerse yourself in different cultural and traditional settings, which would enhance your experience at a more personal level. This, on a subconscious level, ensures that you make stronger global connections that further add to your status as a competent candidate.

    Competitive Salaries

    There is no doubt about the fact that if you are working abroad as a pharmacist, each work hour would be fairly paid for. The salaries are indeed one bright feature that makes working in international settings a ‘dream come true’, however, the goals of pharmacists might vary from one to the other.

    Pharmacists can enjoy an improved and much better work-life balance, which again, adds to the overall work experience and makes a candidate more motivated to work devotedly in a healthy environment that cares about their well-being as well. On average, pharmacists in Australia earn an annual salary of AUD 85,000, while pharmacists in the USA make around USD 130,000.

    General Requirements

    As a beginner who is looking forward to embarking on their career journey anywhere abroad, here is a list of some of the mandatory documents, certifications, and registration requirements that you will need before applying anywhere:

    Recognized Educational Qualifications

    Your degree must be accredited by the regulatory body of your target country. This ensures that your degree is verified and can be used to apply for jobs in the country of your choice.

    Language Proficiency

    Each country has a specific requirement for language proficiency. They are aware that you are not a native speaker of their national language, so it is important that you at least possess some level of professional fluency in that particular language, which is mainly English. This could be done by passing basic English tests such as IELTS, OET, PTE, or TOEFL.

    Visa and Work Permits

    Based on your preferred country’s immigration policies, it is also required that you secure an appropriate visa that ensures your entry into that country smoothly and without any further questioning or processes that might complicate your immigration.

    Local Pharmacy Board Registration

    Lastly, you must meet the specific country’s pharmacy board license requirements to make sure that you are going down the right path, and have a full understanding of their demands and competencies.

    NOTE: Please note that the recognition of your educational qualification from your home country may vary between different countries, and each case is assessed individually.

    Country-Specific Pathways

    Australia & New Zealand: Start Your Career With OPRA Certification

    Australia and New Zealand are both considered to be the most sought-after and high demand destinations for aspiring pharmacists. Apart from their fair share of stunning landscapes, both these countries offer top-level healthcare infrastructures with advanced pharmaceutical practices which enable superior job opportunities for pharmacists to excel in their profession.

    Required Exam

    To work as a pharmacist in Australia or New Zealand applicants need to succeed in the OPRA (Overseas Pharmacist Readiness Assessment) exam-marking assessment for overseas pharmacy graduates.

    To demonstrate their proficiency in Australian and New Zealand pharmaceutical legislation and practice standards international pharmacy graduates must complete this examination.

    Process for International Pharmacists
    First Exam (OPRA)

    The main requirement for international pharmacists from India, Pakistan, Nepal, Bangladesh, the Philippines, and other countries is the completion of the Overseas Pharmacists’ Readiness Assessment (OPRA). Countries such as Australia and New Zealand require this step to start their certification framework.

    Second Stage

    During the internship, candidates must complete the following exams

    • Australia: The Australian Intern Pharmacist Written Exam and Intern Pharmacist Oral Exam. Passage of these tests will enable you as a pharmacist to obtain a complete registration to practice pharmacy in Australia.

    • New Zealand: Students who pass the OPRA examination must take the Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) which runs during the internship before achieving certification.

    Canada: PEBC Certification

    Within global healthcare settings, the Canadian pharmacy profession stands as a leading profession of respect. Canada welcomes pharmacists through its universal healthcare model and professional registration examination which features patient-centered practices and generates many professional options for drug practitioners.

    Required Exam

    Candidates seeking a Canadian pharmacist license need to pass the PEBC (Pharmacy Examining Board of Canada) examination. International pharmacy graduates must achieve this certification to obtain their pharmacy license in Canada.

    Process for International Pharmacists in Canada
    Step 1: PEBC Evaluating Exam

    International pharmacy graduates begin their Canadian pharmacy practice journey by passing the PEBC Evaluating Exam. Foreign-trained pharmacists must take this testing step to prove they qualify for Canadian professional practice.

    Step 2: PEBC Qualifying Exam

    The next step is the PEBC Qualifying Exam, which consists of two parts

    • Part 1: A multiple-choice question (MCQ) exam.

    • Part 2: International pharmacists take the Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) as their second part for licensure in Canada.

    International pharmacists who complete both sections of the PEBC Qualifying Exam gain eligibility to obtain practice licensure in Canada.

    Ireland: PSI Certification

    Working in the UK is another brilliant career perspective for many aspiring pharmacists. Ireland recently established itself as a top destination for pharmacists seeking employment because of its outstanding environment while simultaneously providing sophisticated healthcare services and substantial practice opportunities.

    Required Exam

    Pharmacists seeking to work in Ireland need to pass the PSI (Pharmaceutical Society of Ireland) exam. PSI evaluations assess whether the candidates possess an understanding of both Irish pharmacy rules as well as governance standards and moral principles.

    Process for International Pharmacists in Ireland
    Step 1: MCQ Exam

    To practice pharmacy in Ireland international graduates need to pass the MCQ Exam as part of the Third Country Qualification Recognition (TCQR) requirements.

    Step 2: OSCE

    During the Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) candidates must complete written tasks and participate in interactive segments that check their practical ability along with clinical expertise.

    Step 3: Professional Registration Exam (PRE)

    To practice as a pharmacist in Ireland applicants need to succeed in both the MCQ exam and OSCE along with passing the Professional Registration Exam (PRE).

    USA: NAPLEX for a Prestigious Career in Pharmacy

    Within the United States pharmacists find satisfying professional opportunities which extend across clinical work research activities and academic training. The USA maintains outstanding healthcare standards while achieving top worldwide recognition for pharmaceutical progress.

    Required Exam

    The NAPLEX (North American Pharmacist Licensure Examination) constitutes the necessary licensing examination which pharmacists in the United States must complete before they can practice their field.

    Process for International Pharmacists in the USA:
    Step 1: FPGEE (Foreign Pharmacy Graduate Equivalency Examination)

    A necessary step for overseas pharmacy graduates is to finish the FPGEE since it judges how their foreign educational achievements compare to essential US pharmacy practice qualifications.

    Step 2: NAPLEX (North American Pharmacist Licensure Examination)

    International pharmacy graduates must take the NAPLEX after completing the FPGEE because this examination evaluates their knowledge and practice skills for United States pharmacy practice.

    A successful completion of the two required exams enables candidates to move ahead towards obtaining their pharmacist license for practice within the United States.

    How Elite Expertise Can Help You Achieve Your Dreams?

    Elite Expertise functions as a successful pathway to achieve pharmacy career goals outside of your home country. The wisdom of experienced industry specialists Mr. Arief Mohammad and Ms. Harika Bheemavarapu brings you priceless therapeutic assistance and guidance throughout your journey.

    Mr. Arief Mohammad features six years of clinical pharmacy experience in Australia while Ms. Harika works at Monash Health with a unique ability to explain complex ideas simply. Your learning experience will include personalized experiences delivered through interactive online instruction and practical exercises by trained experts who understand your learning requirements specifically.

    This would ensure that even if you plan to study as an independent candidate, you are at least familiar with all the required concepts and challenges that might contribute in making your journey easier and hassle-free for you.

    The foundation of Elite Expertise’s service model revolves around flexible options. The platform provides unrestricted access because it supports materials across multiple devices simultaneously. Students enjoy total flexibility by attending real-time classes or watching existing recordings any time to suit their individual learning speeds.

    Their personalized courses focus on delivering specially designed assessment content which adapts to address essential exam criteria and contains educational cases alongside virtual assessments for complete preparation.

    Elite Expertise extends its academic services by offering detailed processes which guide students through skill assessments and licensing steps and visa processing thus making a complex path simpler. The support they provide will give you the tools needed to handle all aspects of building your pharmacy career internationally.

    Pharmacy leadership starts from this very point. Elite Expertise offers exclusive guidance to members who want complete access to top resources and success tools alongside expert support. The professionals at Elite Expertise will guide you through transforming your career while helping you reach your professional objectives. So, are you up for it? Just visit the easily-accessible website and learn all that you need to know about kick-starting your international pharmacy adventure.

    Mr. Arief Mohammad is renowned for his excellent teaching skills and practice-based experience which can contribute to developing practice-based knowledge for a learner. He has been a practicing pharmacist in Australia for the last 5 years and has been a preceptor to several students and intern pharmacists.

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    Arief Mohammad

    Arief Mohammad

    ABOUT THE AUTHOR

  • Role of Regulatory Affairs in Pharmaceutical Industry

    What is Regulatory Affairs?

    Regulatory Affairs (RA) is a very important department in the pharmaceutical industry which ensures that drugs developed are safe, effective, and abide all legal requirements before finally reaching patients. The Regulatory Affairs department serves as a link between the pharmaceutical companies and regulatory bodies, like the Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA) in Australia, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in the U.S., and the European Medicines Agency (EMA) in Europe.

    Why is Regulatory Affairs Important?

    The process of developing a new drug or medicine is a very lengthy and costly process, which might take approximately 10 to 15 years (This tenure may vary with various conditions pertaining to that drug). Regulatory affairs experts support pharmaceutical companies in overcoming complex legal and scientific challenges, ensuring the effective development, testing, and approval of drugs. The unnecessary delays, increasing costs and slowing down access to important medicines in the drug approval process are all avoided with the Regulatory Affairs in place.

    Role of Regulatory Affairs in Drug Development
    1. Research & Development (R&D) Stage:

    In the intial stages of the drug development the Regulatory Affairs team collaborates with scientists to ensure that new drug candidates meet the legal and safety requirements. They assist in designing clinical trials to evaluate the effectiveness of the drug and its safety in humans.

    2. Clinical Trials:

    Before entering into the market for the patient use the drug or new medicine enters into various phases of Clinical trials.

    • Phase I: A small group of people for safety is tested in this phase.

    • Phase II: Tests a larger group to check how well the drug works

    • Phase III: Involves thousands of patients to confirm safety and effectiveness.

    Here the Regulatory Affairs makes sure that guidelines set by health authorities are met in the clinical trials performed.

    3. Marketing Authorization:

    In case of the success of a clinical trial, the companies must apply for drug approval. The Regulatory agencies or bodies require a few documents to be submitted to prove the safety and efficacy of the medicine developed where Regulatory Affairs professionals pitch in and submit the required documents for it.

    4. Post-Approval & Commercialization:

    Once a drug is approved, Regulatory Affairs continues to play a vital role by:

    • Tracking the drug’s safety through continuous studies.

    • Verifying that any alterations in manufacturing or packaging comply with regulatory guidelines.

    • Reporting any new uses or formulations to the relevant regulatory authorities.

    Conclusion

    Regulatory Affairs is essential in bringing safe and effective medicines to patients. From the early stages of drug development to final approval and commercialization, Regulatory Affairs professionals play a key role in ensuring compliance with regulations, preventing delays, and maintaining product quality. Their expertise helps pharmaceutical companies successfully navigate complex legal requirements while making life-saving medicines available to people worldwide.